运动锻炼抑制药物成瘾者心理渴求及复吸行为的神经生物学机制——基于运动对神经递质、激素和肽类物质的调节作用

Inhibition Effect and Its Potential Neurobiological Mechanism of Physical Exercise on Psychological Craving and Relapse Behaviors among Patients with Drug Addiction——Based on the Regulation of Neurotransmitters,Hormones and Peptide through Physical Exerc

作为一种辅助康复手段,中等强度的有氧运动在辅助脱毒、缓解戒断综合征和抑制复吸冲动和复吸行为等方面,已经显示出良好的康复效益,且被认为是相对安全、绿色的。尽管成瘾医学领域对运动抑制药物点燃和应激诱发型药物心理渴求、复吸行为已有一些研究并取得了一定成果,但其神经生物学机制还尚属探索阶段。一般认为,运动可促进机体的多巴胺及其受体、去甲肾上腺素及糖皮质激素和内源性阿片肽等的变化与调节,从而达到机体新陈代谢的平衡。客观梳理现有的理论假说及形成机制,不仅为运动抑制复吸冲动和复吸行为提供理论依据,也能明确现有研究的不足,展望未来的研究方向。

As an auxiliary rehabilitation approach,moderate aerobic exercise has shown satisfactory benefits in assisted detoxification,relief of abstinence syndrome,and inhibition of relapse,which is considered relatively safe and green.There are a few studies including clinical trials and animal experiments available in the field of addiction medicine about physical exercise intervention for drug-induced or stress-induced psychological craving and relapse,however,the potential neurobiological mechanisms have not been fully understood yet.Present research suggest that the effectiveness of physical exercise intervention for relapse may be achieved through the regulation of dopamine and its receptors,regulation of noradrenaline and glucocorticoids,and regulation of endogenous opioid peptides.Objectively analyzing existing hypotheses and mechanisms not only can provide a more complete theoretical basis about physical exercise intervention for relapse,but also can clarify the insufficiency of previous research and prospect of the future research directions.