中国枸杞五大主产区产业竞争力综合评价研究

Comprehensive Evaluation of the Industrial Competitiveness of Five Major Production Areas of Chinese Lycium Barbarum

以宁夏中宁、甘肃酒泉、青海都兰、新疆精河、内蒙古乌特拉前旗五大枸杞主产区2015年的相关数据为依据,构建枸杞产业竞争力的评价指标体系,采用主成分分析法对中国五大枸杞产区的产业竞争力进行评价分析。研究结果表明:中国五大枸杞主产区的农业经济水平与其产业竞争力的高低表现出正相关的关系,不同地区的枸杞产业发展水平差距较大;枸杞产业存在产业的精深加工能力不足、产品的附加值链条不高,缺乏龙头企业,生产以小规模方式为主、产品标准化水平低,政府投入不足等问题。因此,应该积极建立枸杞产业龙头企业、延长深加工产业链,加大枸杞产业标准化建设,提高政府对枸杞产业政策扶持力度。

⑴Background--In recent years,with the continuous upgrading of Chinese Lycium barbarum industry,the level of competitiveness of the Lycium barbarum industry has become one of the important indicators to measure the rapid development of the Lycium barbarum industry.Based on unique geographical advantages,Zhongning County of Ningxia,Jiuquan City of Gansu,Dulan County of Qinghai,Jinghe Countyof Xinjiang,and Urad Front Banner of Inner Mongolia are the five major production areas of Chinese Lycium barbarum planting and production.However,the development of the Lycium barbarum industry is dominated by dried fruit production.And the industry lacks exploring good varieties,improving industrial deep processing capability and the standardization level.Therefore,it is an urgent task to assess objectively the actual situation and development level of the five major Lycium barbarum production areas in order to improve the overall industrial competitiveness and to meet the needs of market development.⑵Methods--The research data are mainly from China Forestry Statistical Yearbook,China Rural Statistical Yearbook,Gansu Agricultural Information Net,Ningxia Agricultural Information Net,Xinjiang Agricultural Information Net,Qinghai Agricultural Information Net,Inner Mongolia Agricultural Information Net,and other statistical data in 2016.The principal component analysis method was adopted to construct an evaluation index system for the industrial competitiveness of Lycium barbarum,and the industrial competitiveness of the five major production areas of Lycium barbarum in China was evaluated and analyzed.⑶Results--The analysis results of the factors affecting the competitiveness of the Chinese Lycium barbarum industry show that the level of intensive processing,the value-added chain of products,the leading enterprises,the scale of production,the degree of product standardization,government investment and policy support,etc.have a positive impact on the competitiveness of the Chinese Lycium barbarum industry.Using the principal component analysis method,the comprehensive score equation F=0.74 F 1+0.19 F 2 of the Chinese Lycium barbarum industry was constructed.And the comprehensive scores of the five major Lycium barbarum cockroaches in China were calculated according to the equation.The comprehensive evaluation results of the industrial competitiveness of the five major producing areas in China indicate that Zhongning county of Ningxia is the most productive production area and Jiuquan city of Gansu is the most rapidly developing area of Lycium barbarum industry.Jinghe county of Xinjiang and Dulan county of Qinghai have relatively weak competitiveness in the industry,ranking third and fourth respectively,while the overall ranking of Urad Front Banner of Inner Mongolia is at the end.At the same time,the development of Lycium barbarum industry has the problems of insufficient industrial deep processing capability,low product value-added chain,few leading enterprises,low product standardization level,and insufficient government investment.⑷Conclusions and Discussions--In the research,the agricultural economic level of the five major production areas in China shows a positive correlation with the level of industrial competitiveness,and the levels of industrial development in different regions are quite different.Therefore,it is proposed to actively establish leading enterprises in the industry,to extend the deep processing industry chain,also to increase the standardization of the industry,and to improve the government s support for the industrial policy.