乡村振兴战略实施中的认知与实践误区及其矫正

Cognitive and Practical Misunderstandings in China's Implementing Rural Revitalization Strategy and its Correction

乡村振兴上升为国家战略是2017年,乡村振兴实践则存在于较长的历史时段。百年来,经历了民间自发的乡村建设、国家进场围绕土地制度的乡村建设、国家主导下从汲取到反哺的乡村振兴三个阶段。当前乡村振兴中存在割裂城镇化与乡村振兴的关系、乡村振兴滞留于外在的物化层面、乡村建设忽视区域的分化与差异性、乡村发展走的是依附型道路、将乡村振兴理解为乡愁的寻找和打造等认知和实践误区。总体上,实施乡村振兴战略,应在全面理解其系统性、战略性、时代性的基础上审慎推进,实现乡村振兴与新型城镇化的协同,走自主性、内生性、普遍性、差异化的道路,处理好乡村振兴中人才"所用"与"所有"的关系,注重土地使用制度的创新与协同。

Rural revitalization became a national strategy in 2017,while rural revitalization practice existed with a longer history.In the past hundred years,there have been three stages of rural construction including spontaneous rural construction,rural construction around the land system,and the rejuvenation of the countryside under the leadership of the state.In the current rural revitalization,there are some cognitive and practical misunderstandings,such as the division of urbanization and rural revitalization,the externalization of rural revitalization,the neglecting of differentiation and difference of areas in rural construction,the adherence way of rural development,and the understanding of rural revitalization as the search and creation of homesickness.In general,the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization should be carried out carefully on the basis of comprehensive understanding of its systematic,strategic and epochal nature.Meanwhile,we should realize the synergy of rural revitalization and new urbanization,take the road of autonomy,endogeneity and differentiation,deal with the relationship between"personnel using"and"personnel having"in the rural revitalization,and pay attention to the innovation and coordination of the land use system.