香港生态空间用途管制经验及启示

The Control on the Usage of Ecological Space in Hong Kong

在生态空间用途管制方面,香港的主要经验和做法有:注重立法,以法治保护生态环境;分类管制,划分多种生态功能区;规划管控,严格限制准入功能和强度;严格审批,规范建设项目准入流程;协同管理,将对抗转化为合作;多元共治,充分调动社会力量参与。对大陆的启示和借鉴:(1)加强立法,从生态空间的规划、建设、保护等环节建章立制,明确生态保护的底线和刚性内容;(2)建立统一的生态空间管理机构;(3)实施生态空间分级分类管制;(4)探索建立生态空间用途管制制度;(5)健全公众参与机制,引导各方社会力量参与生态空间的政策制定、规划编制、保护监督等工作。

Major experience and practice in the control on the usage of ecological space in Hong Kong lay emphasis on the following:strengthening efforts to protect the ecological environment by regulation;implementing the differentiated regulation in order to divide into various ecological functional areas;placing severe restrictions on access function and strength on the basis of planning and control;adopting strict measures for examination and approval so as to standardize the access process of construction projects;using collaborative management to turn confrontation into cooperation;and managing the social power in a good way by joint administration.The experience and enlightenment that we can use for reference are as follows.First,improving laws and regulations and establishing rules for planning,construction and protection of ecological space to define the bottom line and rigid content of ecological protection.Second,a unified ecological space management agency should be established.Third,we should implement classification control on ecological space.Fourth,an ecological space use control system should be established.Fifth,we should improve mechanisms for public participation and guide the social forces of all parties to participate in the policy formulation,planning preparation and protection supervision regarding ecological space.