导频序列长度对多用户大规模MIMO FDD系统速率的性能影响及优化

Effects and optimization of pilot sequence length on rate in multiuser massive MIMO FDD system

针对多用户大规模MIMO FDD下行链路系统,分析了导频序列长度随基站天线数变化时对系统下行遍历速率的渐进性能影响。利用确定性等价原理,推导出遍历速率的解析表达式,基于此分析得出:归一化导频开销(导频序列长度与天线数之比)趋近于0时,仍可满足传输速率随基站天线数增加而无限增加;固定导频序列长度而只增加基站天线数,系统传输速率将出现饱和效应。进一步地,在有限的信道相干时间内,以系统和速率最大化为目标来优化导频序列长度,并在特殊相关信道模型下,借助于Lambert W函数,推导最优导频序列长度的闭式解。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性和最优导频序列闭合解的有效性。

The effect of pilot sequence length on the asymptotic performance of the ergodic rate was investigated for the multiuser massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)frequency division duplexing(FDD)downlink system.Firstly,the analytical expression of the ergodic rate was derived by using the principle of deterministic equivalence,based on which,it was discovered from the analytical results in two-fold that the normalized pilot sequence length(defined as the pilot sequence length divided by the number of BS antennas)tends to zero yet the rate was guaranteed to grow large without limit as long as the BS antenna number continues to increase,the rate saturates to a certain level if the BS antenna number becomes large with fixed pilot sequence length.Moreover,the pilot sequence length was optimized based on the sum-rate maximization within a finite channel coherence time,and a closed-form solution was deduced under a special correlated channel by means of Lambert W function.Simulation results validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis results and verify the effectiveness of the proposed closed-form solution of the optimal pilot sequence length.