论专利侵权损害赔偿数额认定的证明责任分配

The Allocation of Proof Burden in Determining the Amount of Damages for Patent Infringement

解决专利侵权损害赔偿难之道,不仅需要从实体法层面对专利损害有本质的认识,更需要从程序法角度解决传统证据规则引起的损害赔偿数额的事实认定困难。分析发现,证据距离是导致证据难以满足证据能力、证明力要求及证明标准的根本原因。对此,引入证明责任分配的修正规范说理论,并结合司法实践,构建以证明责任分配一般规则与举证责任减轻规则相结合的二元专利侵权证明责任分配体系,适用证据契约、推定、证明妨碍和法官裁量等规则,以解决专利损害赔偿难问题。

To solve the problem of patent infringement damages,it is important to clarify patent damages on the level of substantive law,further,the difficulty of fact finding in determining the amount of damages caused by the traditional rules of evidence should be resolved via procedural law.Analysis indicates that evidence distance leads to the incapability of evidences to satisfy probative force,weight of proof,and standard of proof.Therefore,in conjunction with judicial practice,it is suggested to adopt a revisionist perspective regarding the allocation of burden of proof,to establish a dual system of allocation of proof burden that combines the general rules and the alleviative rule,in the purpose of solving the patent infringement damages problems by applying the rules such as evidence contract,presumption,obstruction of evidence,and judicial discretion.