脑胶质瘤精准治疗相关分子生物学标志物及信号通路的研究进展

The research on the precise treatment of molecular biomarkers and signaling pathways for glioma

近年来,随着基因组测序技术的快速进步以及生物信息与大数据科学的交叉应用,疾病的精准医疗发展迅速。精准医疗的本质是通过基因组、蛋白质组等组学技术和医学前沿技术对特定疾病类型进行生物标记物的分析、鉴定、验证与应用,从而精确寻找疾病的病因和治疗的靶点,最终实现对疾病和特定患者的个性化精准治疗,从而提高疾病诊治与预防的效益。脑胶质瘤作为颅内最常见的恶性肿瘤,分类广泛、恶性程度不一、患者预后不同,所以对于脑胶质瘤精准治疗的研究非常重要。近年来关于脑胶质瘤的研究有很多,其热点主要集中于脑胶质瘤发生、发展所涉及的分子标志物和信号通路,主要有EGFR及其相关的信号通路、IDH突变、Notch信号通路、miRNAs等。本文通过回顾文献,总结胶质瘤精准治疗相关分子生物学标志物及信号通路的研究进展,辅助临床对于该病的诊断和治疗。

In recent years,with the rapid advancement of genome sequencing technology and the cross-application of bioinformatics and big data science,the precision medicine of diseases has developed rapidly.The essence of precision medicine is to analyze,identify,verify and apply biomarkers for specific diseases through histology and advanced technologies such asgenome and proteomics techniques,so as to accurately find the cause of the disease and the target of treatment.It can ultimately achieve personalized and precise treatment of diseases and specific patients,thereby improving diagnosis,treatment and prevention of the disease.Glioma is the most common intracranial malignancy,there are a wide range of classifications and degrees of malignancy and prognosis is different among patients.Therefore,it is important to study the precise treatment of gliomas.In recent years,there were many researches on gliomas.The hot spots mainly focus on the molecular markers and signal pathways involved in the development of gliomas.The main ones are:EGFR and its related signaling pathways,IDH Mutations,Notch signaling pathways,miRNAs and so on.In this paper,we reviewed the literature and summarized the progress of the precise treatment of molecular biology markers and signal pathways in gliomas,aiming to help clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.