龙须藤叶粗提物的分离纯化及生物活性初探

Isolation,purification and biological activity of crude extract from Bauhinia championii leaves

为进一步研究和开发新植物源农药,拓宽龙须藤(Bauhinia championii)的生物活性研究,探索其不同组分潜在的杀菌和除草活性,该研究通过常温冷浸提取法提取、真空浓缩得到甲醇提取物。结果表明:用硅胶柱层析分离纯化,经TLC检识和碘缸显色后整合得到9个组分。反复重结晶7号和8号组分中析出的物质,经TLC检识和测熔点,得到1个纯化合物,编为33号,经波谱数据分析与molbase库对照,鉴定该化合物为(1R,2S,3S,4S,5S,6S)-6-甲氧基-1,2,3,4,5-环己烷五醇,是一种重要的工业原料。杀菌和除草活性试验结果显示,粗提物在1 000μg·m L^(-1)时对水稻稻瘟病菌的抑制率为(40.84±1.00)%,对稗草根的抑制率为(49.18±2.33)%;各组分在500μg·m L^(-1)时,4号组分对水稻稻瘟病菌的抑制率达到(44.19±0.76)%,2号和3号组分对稗草根的抑制率分别为(88.92±1.31)%和(90.99±1.45)%,3号和6号组分对马齿苋根的抑制率分别为(72.06±1.31)%和(89.92±1.73)%。这表明龙须藤叶提取物对水稻稻瘟病菌、稗草根和马齿苋根有良好的抑制效果,可进一步分离2号、3号、4号、6号组分,以获得高活性的单体化合物。

Bauhinia championii,a traditional Chinese herbal medicine,has effects on anti-inflammatory,analgesic,eliminate free radicals,anti-bacterial,anti-tumor and so on.In order to further broaden the potential fungicidal and herbicidal activities of different constituents of B.championii,we attempted to dry and smash B.championii leaves and used methanol to extract for three times at the normal temperature.Crude extract was separated and purified on silica gel column chromatography.A bottle of fraction was collected every 200 mL,according to TLC detection and iodine cylinder integration,the crude extract was separated into nine constituents.The precipitated material in constituents No.7 and No.8 were recrystallized repeatedly,and melting points were confirmed and measured by pointing GF254 silica gel plate.One pure compound was obtained and named No.33.Based on data analysis and compared with molbase library,this compound was identified as 1-D-4-O-methyl-myo-insitol,an important industrial raw material.The test results of fungicidal and herbicidal activities showed the crude extract of B.championii leaves to inhibition rate of Pyricularia oryae was(40.84±1.00)%at 1 000μg·mL^-1,and inhibition rate of Echinochloa crusgalli roots was(49.18±2.33)%.When the constituents were at 500μg·mL^-1,No.4 constituent of Pyricularia oryae inhibition rate reached(44.19±0.76)%,inhibition rate of No.2 and No.3 constituents on Echinochloa crusgalli roots were(88.92±1.31)%and(90.99±1.45)%,respectively;inhibition rate of No.3 and No.6 constituents on Portulaca oleracea roots were(72.06±1.31)%and(89.92±1.73)%,respectively.The results indicate that the extract of Bauhinia championii leaves have a certain amount of inhibitory effects on Pyricularia oryae,Echinochloa crusgalli roots and Portulaca oleracea roots.In order to acquire high activity monomer compounds,the constituents of No.2,No.3,No.4 and No.6 can be further separated.