印度高等教育治理:权力演变、体系建构和逻辑审视

Governance of Higher Education in India: The Evolution of Power, System Construction and Logical Scrutiny

高等教育是印度教育的名片。印度对高等教育的治理进行了广泛探索,其治理变革在印度高等教育的跨越式发展中发挥了重要作用。印度高等教育治理进程的核心即不同利益相关者权力结构的演变。在经历殖民控制、集权管理、逐步分权和多元共治的四次变革后,印度高等教育最终形成了政府、大学、市场、社会共同参与的治理体系;其治理结构由外部(政府、市场、社会相结合)和内部(大学自治)两部分构成,契合教育治理"多元主体""合作""共治"的本质要求。印度高等教育治理的基本逻辑回答了治理的起点、内容和目标等问题。大学"自治"是印度高等教育治理的逻辑起点,多元"共治"是治理的逻辑核心,通过多元"共治"走向教育"善治"则是印度高等教育治理的最终落脚点。

Higher education is the distinguished representative of education in India.The governance of Indian higher education has carried on extensive reforms,and these reforms have played an important role in the leap forward development of India's higher education.The core of the governance process of Indian higher education is the evolution of the power structure of different stakeholders.Indian higher education governance has finally formed a governance system based on the joint participation of government,university,market and society after Indian higher education governance has gone through four times of change:colonial control,centralized management,gradual decentralization and multi-governance.Indian higher education governance structure consists two parts:the external governance(by government,market and society)and the internal governance(university autonomy).In this way,it meets the essential requirements of"multi-subject","cooperation"and"co-governance"in education governance.The basic logic of Indian higher education governance illustrates the starting point,content and objective of governance.Autonomy of university is the logical starting point of Indian higher education governance,“multi-governance”is the logical core of governance,and evolving from”multi-governance”into the“good governance”is the ultimate goal of the Indian higher education governance.