从管理寺庙到监督寺庙——民国时期宗教立法观念的转变

From Temple Management to Temple Supervision: On the Conceptual Transformation in Republican Legislations on Religion

民国初期政府为了管理和控制佛教和道教的财产,相继颁布了《寺庙管理暂时规则》和《管理寺庙条令》,但是很快遭到佛教界的反对。他们依照民国宪法所规定的宗教信仰自由原则,要求政府废除这些管理条令。1929年国民政府最终颁布了《监督寺庙条例》,并延用至今天的台湾地区。从对寺庙的管理到对寺庙的监督,体现了国民政府在政教关系问题上实现了一个历史性的跨越。

In order to manage and control Buddhism,Daoism and their respective temple properties,the early Republican states successively promulgated Provisional Rules for Temple Management,and Regulatory Ordinances on Temple Management.But these government rules soon met stiff Buddhist opposition.Citing the principle of freedom of religious belief stipulated in the early Republican constitutions and conventions,the Buddhist demanded that the Republican government rescind and abolish the rules.Finally in 1929,the Republican state relented by promulgating The Rules and Regulations on Temple Supervision which has since remained in effect,particularly in present-day Taiwan.The evolution from the early Rules for Temple Management to the later Rules and Regulations on Temple Management demonstrates that the Republican state underwent a historical transformation in its approach to the management of the state-religion relations.