清末陕西沔县武侯祠的管理纠纷——地方儒生与全真道士从合作到冲突的个案分析

Late Qing Management Disputes at Shaanxi’s Mian County Wuhou Temple: A Case Study in Cooperation Becoming Conflict Between Local Confucian Scholars and Quanzhen Daoists

清朝嘉庆道光年间,陕西沔县武侯祠出了一个著名的全真道士李复心。他与当地官府和儒生保持着良好的关系,共同合作重修殿宇。但李复心羽化后,其再传弟子的品行得不到当地儒生的认可,被逐出武侯祠,官府另请留侯庙住持任永真派人接管武侯祠。后来为争夺武侯祠的管理权,当地儒生又与住持道士开始了一场旷日持久的诉讼。官府最后决定武侯祠与留侯庙脱离关系。官府在此事件上扮演了决定一个庙宇性质和走向的角色。

During the Qing Dynasty s Jiaqing and Daoguang reign periods,Li Fuxin,the famous Quanzhen Daoist was the abbot at Shaanxi s Mian County Wuhou Temple.During that time,he maintained a positive relationship with local government officials and Confucian scholars,and everyone worked together to rebuilt the temple.Not long after Abbot Li s death,however,his grand-disciples were expelled by local scholars who did not approve of their moral character.As a result,the local government decided to invite another Quanzhen Daoist named Ren Yongzhen from the Liuhou Temple to take over,and Wuhou Temple became an auxiliary temple of Liuhou.Nevertheless,the management rights for the Wuhou Temple remained unresolved,and a prolonged lawsuit ensued between local scholars and the newly appointed abbot.The local government,in the end,decided that the management of the two temples should be kept separate.From this case,we can see how the local government played a crucial role in determining the Wuhou Temple s character and future direction.