改革开放背景下宪法对营业自由的保护

The Constitution's Protection of Freedom of Business under the Background of the Reform and Opening

改革开放40年来,非公有制经济为我国社会主义经济建设作出了突出贡献,也受到越来越充分的宪法保护。营业自由是非公有制经济主体的一项重要基本权利。营业自由可从私有财产权和社会主义市场经济体制辐射下的劳动权中得出。营业自由兼具主观权利和客观价值秩序双重性质,国家不得非正当干预营业自由的行使,并且有义务保护公平的市场竞争环境,避免垄断、不正当竞争等市场行为对营业自由造成侵害。

In the past 40 years since the Reform and Opening,the private sector of the economy has made outstanding contribution to our socialist market economy and is increasingly protected by constitution.Freedom of business is a core basic right of the private sector of the economy.The freedom of business derives from the property rights and working rights in the background of socialist market economy.The freedom of business has a dual nature of subjective rights and objective law,which means that a government shall not interfere the practice of freedom of business and is obligated to promise a fair market environment,preventing the infringement caused by monopoly and unfair competition.