甜瓜植株和果实生长模型的拟合与分析

Growth model fitting and analysis of melon plant and fruit

【目的】拟合分析甜瓜植株和果实的生长发育模型,为甜瓜精细化和标准化栽培管理提供参考依据。【方法】连续观察甬甜5号甜瓜植株和果实的生长发育过程,使用Logistic方程分别对其地上部鲜重、叶面积、果长、果宽和果重的生长动态过程进行拟合,获得Logistic生长模型及生长特征参数,通过分析各性状的生长特征参数,划分甜瓜植株和果实的生长期。【结果】甜瓜不同生长指标的生长规律均符合S形生长曲线,拟合方程的决定系数(R^2)均≥0.976;定植天数与甜瓜各性状的相关系数(R)均≥0.988,达极显著水平(P<0.01);根据S形生长曲线和甜瓜生长特点可将甜瓜生长阶段划分为生长前期、速生期和生长后期,不同性状速生期的起始和持续时间存在差异。【结论】采用Logistic方程可准确拟合甜瓜的生长动态,并将甜瓜植株和果实的生长期划分为生长前期、速生期和生长后期,建议在甜瓜速生期加强肥水管理,以增加线性生长量,提高甜瓜产量和品质。

【Objective】The growth of melon plant and fruit were fitted and analyzed to provide reference for the refinement and standardized cultivation and management of melon.【Method】Continuous observation on growth and development of plant and fruit of Yongtian No.5 melon was conducted.The growth dynamic processes of aboveground fresh weight,leaf area,fruit length,fruit width,fruit weight were fitted by Logistic equation,and the Logistic growth model and growth characteristic parameters were obtained.The growth period of plants and fruits of melon was divided by analyzing the growth parameters of plant traits.【Result】The results showed that the growth rhythms of various melon growth indexes were basically the same,which were consistent with the growth curve of S type,and the coefficient of determination(R2)of the fitting equation was≥0.976.The correlation coefficient(R)between planting days and melon traits were≥0.988,reaching an extremely significant level(P<0.01).According to S growth curve and melon growth characteristics,melon growth stage could be divided into early growth stage,fast growing stage and late growth stage.The starting and stopping time,duration of different traits in the fast growth stage were different.【Conclusion】The growth equation of melon can be accurately fitted by Logistic equation.The melon plant and fruit growth stage can be divided into early growth stage,fast growing stage and late growth stage.The management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened during the fast growing stage to promote linear growth and improve the yield and quality of melon.