成人支气管哮喘的特点及研究进展

Recent Advances in Bronchial Asthma in Adults

本文介绍了成人支气管哮喘(以下简称哮喘)的发病特点和临床表现,叙述了成人哮喘和青少年期起病哮喘之间的差异以及成人哮喘发病的危险因素,总结了既往国内外成人哮喘的研究成果,得出其发病机制可能和空气污染、肥胖、职业暴露等因素有关,为了使成人哮喘得到良好控制,应该避免职业暴露,并控制感染、进行自我管理等;同时指出哮喘表型的确定主要依靠其临床特点而非生物标志物,为研究新的方法治疗哮喘提供帮助。

We introduced the characteristics and clinical manifestations of bronchial asthma in adults(BAA),compared the differences between BAA and asthma in adolescents,summarized the risk factors for BAA,reviewed the recent advances in BAA,and put forward that the pathogenesis of BAA may be related to air pollution,obesity and occupational exposure,so in order to achieve good control of BAA,occupational exposure should be avoided,control of infection and selfmanagement,should be implemented successfully.Moreover,we came to a conclusion that the determination of asthma phenotype mainly depends on clinical characteristics,rather than biomarkers,which provides relevant information for treating asthma with new methods.