滩涂地区不同种植密度下甘薯生长对盐渍土壤理化特性的影响

Effects? of ?Sweet? Potato? Growth ?on? Saline ?Soil? Physicochemical? Properties? under? Different? Planting ?Densities ?in ?Coastal ?Beach

为了改良江苏沿海滩涂地的土壤结构,增加滩涂地经济效益,以甘薯为材料,研究不同种植密度下甘薯生长性状的差异以及甘薯生长对沿海滩涂盐渍土壤理化特性的影响。结果表明:当种植株距为20、25 cm时,甘薯的生长性状较好,鲜薯产量也较高,其中种植株距为25 cm的处理鲜薯产量比株距15、30 cm处理分别增加13.5%、27.9%;同时,随着甘薯生长期的延长,沿海滩涂的盐渍土壤环境有较大改善,土壤pH值和土壤容重下降,土壤孔隙度提高;其中,种植株距为20 cm的处理土壤容重、土壤孔隙度分别为种植前的63.6%、105.6%;种植株距为25 cm的处理土壤容重、土壤孔隙度分别为种植前的52.2%、120.0%;在土壤结构方面,种植株距为25 cm的处理土壤团粒结构增多,土壤的透水透气性能得到改善,为植物生长提供了良好的条件。由此可知,在盐碱地上种植甘薯不仅可以收获较大的经济效益,还可以显著改善土壤环境,以种植株距为25 cm的处理效果较好。

In order to improve the soil structure of the Jiangsu coastal land and increase the economic benefit of the beach land,the difference in the growth characters of sweet potato under different planting densities and the effect of sweet potato growth on the physical and chemical properties of the saline soil in coastal beach were studied.The results showed that when the plant spacing was 20 and 25 cm,the growth traits of sweet potato were better,and the yield of fresh sweet potato was higher.The yield of fresh sweet potato with plant spacing of 25 cm was 13.5%and 27.9%more than that of plant spacing 15 and 30 cm respectively;at the same time,with the lengthening of the growth period of sweet potato,the saline soil environment of the coastal beach was greatly improved,the soil pH value and soil bulk density decreased,and the soil porosity increased;among them,the soil bulk density and soil porosity of 20 cm planting spacing were 63.6%and 105.6%before planting,and the soil bulk density and soil porosity of 25 cm of plant spacing were 52.2%and 120.0%before planting,respectively;in terms of soil structure,the structure of soil pellet was increased when plant spacing was 25 cm,and the permeability of water and air of soil was improved,which provided good conditions for plant growth.It can be seen that planting sweet potato on saline alkali land can not only harvest greater economic benefit,but also improve soil environment.The treatment effect of planting spacing of 25 cm is better.