纳米塑料复合食品包装中的纳米成分及其迁移研究进展

A Review of Plastic Nanocomposite Materials in Food Packaging and Their Migration

在塑料食品包装中加入纳米材料可以实现很好的机械性、气体阻隔性或抗菌性等优良性能。然而在与食品接触的过程中这些纳米材料也有可能迁移到食品中,从而对消费者的健康产生威胁,甚至对市场及消费者信心造成负面影响。对纳米材料进行迁移研究是对其进行风险评估的重要一环,已经得到国内外学者的广泛关注。本文综述了纳米塑料复合包装的种类、在食品包装中应用较多的纳米材料及其作用,并详细分析了食品包装中纳米材料向食品或食品模拟物迁移的研究。结果表明:食品包装中纳米材料向食品或食品模拟释放的量较小,但到目前为止,关于它们是否会以纳米形态释放出来仍然没有达成统一意见。另外,微波处理、塑料助剂的添加可以影响纳米材料的释放。

The addition of nanocomposites to plastic food packaging materials can yield better mechanical properties and gas barrier performance as well as antibacterial effect.They also,however,have the potential to migrate into foods when coming into contact with them,which may pose health risks to consumers and even has a negative effect on the market and consumer confidence.To evaluate the health risks associated with nanocomposites migrating into foods,it is essential to study the migration behavior of nanocomposites from packaging into foods,which has aroused extensive research interest.This paper reviews the types of plastic nanocomposite food packaging materials as well as the nanocomposites commonly used in food packaging and their roles.A detailed overview of recent studies on the migration behavior of nanocomposites from packaging into foods/food simulants is presented.Although it has been found that only a lesser amount of nanocomposites can migrate from packaging into foods/food simulants,previous studies have not reached a consensus on whether nanocomposites can be released in nanosized form.Furthermore,microwave treatment and plastic additives can affect the migration of nanocomposites.