罗马尼亚入盟后反腐败实践评析

Evaluation on Anti-corruption Practices in Romania After its Accession to the EU

1989年剧变之后,中东欧国家面临政治、经济、社会等各领域全面转型。在政治转型进程中,惩治腐败是各国面临的指标性问题。罗马尼亚作为欧盟成员国中的"后进生",腐败一直是其国内政治最为敏感的问题,在社会生活中也备受关注。从各方评价来看,罗马尼亚腐败问题依然十分严重。反腐败之所以成为罗马尼亚剧变后转型进程中最为生动的案例,是因为从这里可以看到罗马尼亚制度重建之后国家行政、立法和司法能力的发展状况,还可以看到国内各种力量派别的博弈,公民对政治与社会问题的积极参与和表达以及作为新成员国的罗马尼亚如何受到欧盟的约束。欧盟对罗马尼亚反腐败机制框架的建立起了重要作用,然而在框架与机制运行过程中,罗马尼亚政局变化以及国内各种因素之间的角力都影响着反腐败实践。由此看来,腐败与反腐败是理解罗马尼亚政治转型中核心问题的关键路径。

After the upheavals of 1989,CEE countries faced comprehensive transformation in political,economic and social fields.In the process of political transformation,punishing corruption is an indicative problem facing all countries.As a"laggard"member of the European Union,corruption has always been the most sensitive issue in Romania's domestic politics and has attracted much attention of society.Judging from all sides,the problem of corruption in Romania is still very serious.Anti-corruption is the most vivid case in the transformation process in Romania,through this lens we can chek the development of the national executive,legislative and judicial ability,observing the game of domestic power groups,citizens’participation in political and social issues and expresse their views on these questions,and how Romania,as a new member of the EU,is regulated by the EU.The EU has played very important role in the establishment of the anti-corruption mechanism in Romania.Both the political change and the game between various factors affected anti-corruption in Romania.Therefore,corruption and anti-corruption are the keys to understand the core issues in Romania's political transformation.