纯电动汽车与混合动力汽车全生命周期节能减排对比研究

A comparison of the Life Cycle Energy Consumption and Emissions of BEV and HEV

关于与混合动力电动车相比,纯电动车是否对节能减排贡献力量的争论从未间断。文章运用生命周期评价理论和方法(LCA)构建纯电动汽车与混合动力汽车的节能减排差异评价模型。基于模型选取某款典型的同级别纯电动汽车与混合动力汽车作为实证研究对象,获取二者的主要参数(包括发动机、电池、电机、电控等)。最后应用VS和MATLAB混合编程计算得出二者全生命周期各种不同类型的能耗和排放差异结果。研究结果表明混合动力汽车比纯电动汽车更节能环保。这主要由于纯电动汽车总成制造阶段的高工作强度导致了能耗的增加,并且,纯电动汽车中电池这一核心部件的制造技术不如内燃机成熟,从而导致了更高的能耗和排放量。

There is an ongoing debate over whether battery electric vehicles(BEV)contribute to reducing energy consumption and emissions compared with hybrid electric vehicles(HEV).By following the theory of life cycle assessment(LCA),a calculation model for comparing the life cycle energy consumption and emissions of BEV and HEV is built.Typical BEV and HEV are selected as the empirical objects,whose main parameters of powertrain system(including engine,battery,motor,electric control,etc.)are obtained.By using VS and MATLAB software programming,the life cycle differences of energy-consumption and emissions between BEV and HEV are calculated and analyzed.The results reveal that the HEV is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly than BEV.This result is mainly attributed to the increase of energy consumption of BEV due to high working intensity in assembly manufacturing process.At the same time,the manufacturing process of battery,as the core component of BEV,is not as mature as internal combustion engines,which leads to higher energy consumption and emissions.