“邻居”对中国企业出口生存的影响有多大——基于信息溢出的视角

How Do “Neighbors” Affect the Export Survival of Chinese Firms?A Perspective of Information Spillover

出口不确定性的存在是中国企业在新贸易关系中呈现高退出率和短生存时间的重要原因。本文从"邻居"信息溢出有利于降低出口不确定性角度出发,在构建其影响我国企业出口生存的理论框架基础上,采用2000—2009年中国工业企业数据库与中国海关数据库的数据,借助中介效应分析法从信息溢出视角检验了"邻居"对我国企业出口生存的重要作用,结果发现:"邻居"可以通过信息溢出降低企业对新出口的不确定性,改善其出口生存状态,但是信息溢出效应在"邻居"总效应中的比重不到20%;同时,"邻居"的信息溢出存在显著的"地方性""特定性"和"同类型偏好",即当"邻居"与企业的空间距离越小、出口行为越相近、二者属于同种所有权类型时,"邻居"通过信息溢出对企业出口生存的促进作用越大。

Export uncertainty is an important reason for the high exit rate and short export duration of Chinese firms in new combination export.In view of this fact,this paper constructs the model to analyze the effect of“neighbors”on exporters survival,and then utilizes the intermediary effect method to test the“neighbor effect”on the firms survival from the perspective of information spillover by using the data from Chinese Industrial Enterprise Database and China s Customs Database between 2000 and 2009.The results show that“neighbors”can reduce the export uncertainty through information spillover,but this effect is less than 20%of the total effect of the“neighbors”.Besides,the“neighbors”information spillover effect shows the notable attributes of being“local”and“specific”and“the same type preference”.In other words,when the spatial distance between the“neighbors”and the firms is small,their export behavior is similar and the two are under the same type of ownership,the“neighbors”tend to have a greater effect on the firms export survival through information spillover.