车辆-设备耦合系统动态作用力传递特性分析

Analysis of Dynamic Force Transfer Characteristics of Vehicle-equipment Coupling Systems

为了研究多设备悬挂系统与车体间的力传递特性,建立车辆-设备刚柔耦合模型,推导车体、设备的加速度频域响应函数表达式,分别获得车体与单、双层悬挂系统力传递率积分和表达式。研究系统悬挂频率、悬挂位置、双层悬挂系统质量比对传递率的影响。计算结果表明:与双层悬挂系统相比,单层悬挂系统与车体之间传递率较大且受车辆速度影响明显。单层系统在悬挂频率为7 Hz至10.5 Hz时传递率较高;而在双层系统中,增加框架悬挂频率,框架与车体传递率增加;增加设备2悬挂频率,传递率下降。单层悬挂系统远离车体中部时,能避免出现设备与车辆传递率较大现象,当设备1的纵向悬挂位置小于6.5 m时,能获得较好传递特性,而悬挂位置对双层悬挂系统传递率影响较小。双层隔振系统质量比对框架-设备2传递率影响不大,对框架-车体传递率影响显著,传递率随着质量比增加逐渐减小。双层隔振系统中,框架质量越大,车体-框架传递率越小,传递到框架上的力就越小。

Model of the vehicle-equipment coupling system was established to study the dynamic force transfer characteristics of the system.The acceleration frequency response function was formulated.The transfer rate integral sums between the car body and the single layer suspension system and between the car body and the double layer suspension system were calculated respectively.The influence of frequencies,position,and mass ratio of the suspension systems on the transfer characteristics was analyzed.The results show that the single layer suspension system has bigger transfer rate and is influenced more easily by speeds than the double layer suspension system.The transfer rate of the single layer system is high when the suspension frequency is within 7 Hz-10.5 Hz.While for the double layer suspension system,increasing of the frequency of the suspension frame will lead to the increase of the transfer rate between the frame and the car body.Increasing the suspension frequency of equipment 2 will decrease the transfer rate.In order to avoid occurring high transfer rate,the single later hanging system should be suspended far away from the middle of the vehicle.When the longitudinal suspending position of equipment 1 is less than 6.5 m,the single layer system has good transfer characteristics.But the suspension location has only a small influence on the transfer rate for the double layer suspension system.The mass ratio of the double layer hanging system has a large effect on the transfer rate from the frame to the car body.And the bigger frame mass will lead to the smaller force transfer rate.