吉林市大气PM_(2.5)污染特征及来源分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Sources of Atmospheric PM_(2.5) Pollution in Jilin City

2014年在吉林市设立7个大气PM_(2.5)采样点,分采暖季和非采暖季分别采样分析了吉林市城区大气颗粒物污染特征和可能来源。结果表明:吉林市大气颗粒物以PM_(2.5)为主,PM_(2.5)年均值65μg/m3,超过国家二级标准限值86%,PM_(2.5)/PM10的年平均值为61%;PM_(2.5)中,休闲生活区各个时间段金属元素浓度相对较低,工业混合区浓度较高;非金属离子SO2-4、NH+4、NO-3、Cl-是PM_(2.5)水溶性离子的主要成份,其和占PM_(2.5)质量的13.31%,在采暖期浓度质量全部高于非采暖期;采暖期OC和EC来源基本相同,来源于机动车尾气、燃煤和生物质燃烧等,在非采暖期OC和EC来源差异性较大,主要来源于机动车尾气和工业燃煤等。

In 2014'7 atmospheric PM2.5 sampling points were set up in Jilin City.Sampling was conducted and the characteristics and possible sources of atmospheric particulates in Jilin were analyzed respectively during the heating season and non-heating season.The results showed that the primary atmospheric particles in Jilin were PM2.5'with the annual average of 65ug/m3 exceeding level II of the national standard limits values by 86%.The annual average value of PM2.5/PMU>was 61%.With regard to PM2.5'concentration of the metal elements in each time segment of leisure life was relatively lower'while that in the industrial mixing zone was higher.Nonmetallic ions such as SO4-,NH4+,NO3-and Cl-were the main components of water soluble ions of PM2.5 and their sum accounted for 13.31%of the total PM2.5 mass'all higher in the heating period than in the non-heating period.In the heating period'the sources of OC and EC were basically the same from motor vehicle exhaust'coal combustion and biomass burning.In the non-heating period'the sources of OC and EC were quite different'mainly from motor vehicles exhaust and industrial coal burning.