为何康德没有提出先验空间图型?

Why Does Kant Not Propose a Theory of Transcendental Space-schemata?

康德提出用先验时间图型作为范畴运用于经验性直观的感性条件,但没有提出先验空间图型。鉴于此,很多学者认为,必须再另外增加先验空间图型来说明对象中的空间关系的形成,并断言康德在《自然科学的形而上学基础》以及《纯粹理性批判》第二版的增补内容中暗示了这种空间图型论的想法。然而笔者认为,对象中的空间关系的形成可以借助量和质的范畴的时间图型来说明,因此空间图型是不必要的。并且,由于知性无法与空间发生直接关联,因而无法形成所谓的"先验空间规定",所以空间图型也是不可能的。而《基础》以及《批判》第二版的增补内容,也绝非所谓的空间图型论。

Kant considers the transcendental time-schemata as a condition of the application of categories,but does not propose a transcendental space-schemata.Many scholars believe that such a concept had to be added in order to explain the spatial relations of objects and think that the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Sciences and the new Supplement in the B edition of the Critique of Pure Reason indicate an idea of a transcendental space-schematism.However,this paper argues that the comprehension of the spatial relations of objects can be explained by the time-schemata alone.Therefore,it is unnecessary to bring up the space-schemata.Furthermore,because the understanding cannot be related to space directly,there cannot be something called transcendental space-determinations.For this reason,the space-schemata is also impossible.Finally,the space that is mentioned in the Foundation and the B edition of Critique is also by no means the so-called space-schematism.