杉木近缘优良无性系交配子代遗传效应研究

Study on the Hereditary Effects of the Hybrid Progenies of Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.with Geographically Close Elite Clones

对2个原产贵州锦屏和3个原产贵州天柱的5个优良无性系开展全双列杂交,获得25份交配组合种子;对成功培育的19个杂交组合苗木,在贵州省黎平县布置随机区组造林设计试验测定林;应用14年生的试验测定林调查数据统计分析表型变异,线性模型分析试验测定林的遗传变异;采用双列杂交第4种方法固定模式,估算5个亲本10个交配组合子代性状的遗传参数。结果表明:20个参试家系的14年生试验测定林生长表现较差,但存在丰富变异,家系间树高、胸径和单株材积差异极显著(p≤0.01),生长性状受较强程度的遗传控制,树高、胸径和材积的家系遗传力分别为0.60、0.64和0.67。5个亲本10个交配组合间的主要生长性状呈极显著水平,交配组合与区组的交互作用明显,树高显著(p≤0.05)而胸径和材积极显著;不同亲本交配组合间的特殊配合力(SCA)极显著,树高的一般配合力(GCA)极显著而胸径和材积的SCA差异不显著。在5个亲本中,120号亲本的GCA和SCA效应较优,其次是123号和88号;120号和89号是建立双系种子园的最优亲本,5个亲本的合理配置可营建3系~5系种子园。

A total of 5 excellent clones from 2 originate in Guizhou Jinping and 3 originate in Guizhou Tianzhu were completed diallel cross test,and 25 mating combinations seeds were obtained;We established the experimental forest of afforestation design of random area group for the19 hybrid seedlings which were cultivated successfully in Liping County,Guizhou Province;Phenotypic variation was statistically analyzed by using 14 a test survey data of the statistic analysis to determine the phenotypic variation of test forest,and the linear model analysis was used to determine the genetic variation of test forest;The genetic parameters of the progenies on the 10 mating combinations of 5 parents were estimated by the fixed pattern of fourth methods of diallel crossing proposed by Griffing.The test results showed that:20 tested families 14 a test determination of forest growth performance is poor but there are abundant variation between families in tree height,DBH and individual volume which differences were significant(p≤0.01),growth traits are under strong genetic control degree,family heritability of tree height,DBH and volume were 0.60,0.64 and 0.67 respectively.The main growth traits of the 10 mating combinations of 5 parents showed significant levels,the interaction effect of the mating combination and the region group was obvious,the tree height was significantly(p≤0.05),the DBH and the volume were extremely significant,the special mating ability(SCA)among the mating combinations of different parents was extremely significant,and the general combining ability(GCA)of the tree height was extremely significant too,but the difference of DBH and SCA of volume was not significant.Among the 5 parents,the GCA and SCA effects of number 120 parents were superior,followed by number 123 and 88;No.120 and 89 are the best parents for the establishment of the dual clone seed orchard,and the rational allocation of 5 parents can be built for the 3-5 clone seed orchard.