节流孔式空气阻尼系统建模及参数影响分析

Modelling and effect analysis of design parameters for orifice-type air damping systems

考虑空气弹簧橡胶气囊力学特性,采用分数导数Kelvin-Voigt模型和摩擦模型对空气弹簧橡胶气囊进行建模;并基于牛顿力学、热力学、流体力学和黏弹性力学,建立了节流孔式空气阻尼系统非线性模型。在系统工作平衡点附近,建立了该系统的线性化模型,并基于复刚度等效得到了系统的等效刚度和等效阻尼系数方程。以某空气弹簧为研究对象,实验验证了等效模型的有效性。在此基础上,分析了激振振幅、激振频率以及关键设计参数对系统等效刚度和等效阻尼系数的影响规律,这为空气悬架的刚度和阻尼匹配设计提供参考。

Considering the bellow’s mechanical characteristics,the bellow model was achieved by adopting the fractional derivative Kelvin-Voigt model and smooth Coulomb friction model;and based on Newton’s mechanics,thermodynamics,fluid mechanics and viscoelastic mechanics,the nonlinear model of orifice type air damping system(OADS)was established.Near the working equilibrium point of OADS,the linear model of OADS was derived.Meanwhile,equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping coefficient equations were also derived by the equivalent complex stiffness method.Taking an air spring as the research object,we conducted this experiment to verify the OADS equivalent model’s effectiveness.Based on the above,the influence laws of excitation amplitude and excitation frequency,along with key design parameters for equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping coefficients of OADS were further analyzed and studied.The results provide valuable references for the design and match of stiffness and damping of air suspension.