内眦区域组织结构薄层切片三维可视化

Three-dimensional visualization of thin slice of tissue structure in inner canthus region

目的:观察内眦区域组织显微结构,探讨泪小管及其周围结构的三维空间配布与毗邻关系。方法:选用成年国人内眦标本,石蜡包埋行鼻侧向颞侧的组织切片,分别用H-E染色及Masson染色,显微拍照,用Adobe Photoshop CS6软件进行图像拼接和配准。用3D-Doctor软件将图像中内眦区域划分为泪小管、眼轮匝肌睑板前部浅头和深头(Horner肌)等区,对这些分区进行三维重建和可视化。结果:泪小管及泪总管内衬未角化的复层鳞状上皮,泪囊内衬复层柱状上皮。泪小管部周围纤维大致可分为3层,靠近基底细胞层的纤维致密并环绕泪小管;中间的纤维较疏松,斜行环绕泪小管;最外层的纤维垂直泪小管,穿行于周围肌纤维之间,将肌纤维分割成小的肌纤维束,呈网状和皮肤及睑结膜下方的纤维相连。Horner肌斜行走行于泪小管后方,眼轮匝肌睑板前部浅头肌纤维平行于泪小管,走行于其前方。结论:组织切片可清楚地显示出泪小管、眼轮匝肌睑部浅头、Horner肌在内眦区域的走行分布。三维重建可呈现泪小管毗邻结构立体关系,为解剖学学习、泪道引流功能分析和泪小管手术提供形态学依据。

Objective:To observe the microstructure of the inner canthus region and explore the three-dimensional spatial distribution and adjacent relationship of lacrimal canaliculus with its surrounding structures.Methods:Three cases of adult Chinese canthus were selected.All cases were embedded paraffin and sliced from nasal to temporal sides.That slices were stained with H-E or Masson staining,and photographed by microscopy.The images were spliced with Adobe Photoshop CS6 software,and then those images were registrated.The inner canthus area was divided into lacrimal canaliculus,orbicularis oculi muscle shallow head and deep head(Horner's muscle)by 3D-Doctor software.These partitions were carried out in 3D reconstruction and visualization.Results:The lacrimal canaliculus and common canaliculus were lined with non-keratostratified squamous epithelium.The lacrimal sacs were lined with complex columnar epithelium.The fibers around canaliculus could be roughly divided into three layers.The fibers near the basal cell layer were compacted and surrounded the lacrimal canaliculus;the middle of the fibers were loose and oblique around the lacrimal canaliculus;the outer fibers were perpendicular to the lacrimal canaliculus.The outermost fibers,which connected to the skin and fibers below the eyelid conjunctiva,ran through the surrounding muscle fibers and divided the muscle fibers into small muscle bundles.Horner's muscle oblique walked behind the lacrimal canaliculus,and the anterior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle shallow head was parallel to the lacrimal canaliculus and walked ahead of it.Conclusion:The distribution of the canaliculus,the shallow head of the eyelid of the orbicularis oculi muscle and the inner canthus region of the Horner's muscle could be clearly shown by tissue section.The three-dimensional relationship between the lacrimal canalicular adjacent structures can be presented through slice 3D reconstruction,providing morphological basis for anatomical learning,lacrimal drainage function analysis and lacrimal canaliculus surgery.