肿瘤联合免疫治疗研究进展

Advances of combined immunotherapy in tumor

免疫检查点是免疫系统中抑制性的信号通路,通过与共刺激分子保持平衡,维持对自身组织的耐受,避免自身免疫反应。肿瘤的发生伴随着共抑制分子与相关配体的上调,引起T细胞功能衰退或耗竭,从而发生肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸。针对抑制性受体与配体开发单抗药物,调节T细胞活性提高抗肿瘤免疫反应,已经取得较好的临床效果。对免疫调节信号通路采取联合治疗也体现出一定的协同作用。本文对肿瘤联合免疫治疗方案与协同作用评价进行综述,并对联合免疫治疗的可行性及免疫方案的选择进行展望。

Immune checkpoints are inhibitory signaling pathways in the immune system that maintain balance with co-stimulatory molecules,maintain tolerance to their own tissues,and avoid autoimmune responses.The development of tumors is accompanied by the upregulation of co-suppressor molecules and related ligands,causing the decline or exhaustion of T cell functions,which makes tumor cells excape immune surveillance.The development of monoclonal antibodies against inhibitory receptors and ligands to regulate T cell activity and improve antitumor immune responses have achieved promising clininal results.Combined treatment of immunomodulatory signaling pathways also showed a certain of synergy.This article summarizes the evaluation of combined tumor immunotherapy strategies and synergies,and outlooks the feasibility of combined immunotherapy and the selection of immunization strategies.