日本分布式可再生能源并网应对策略

Japan's Countermeasures for Distributed Renewable Energy Generation Parallel in the Power Grid

随着日本分布式可再生能源的快速发展,关联问题随之涌现。综述了日本在电力系统保护、频率及电压稳定控制等方面的应对策略。讨论孤岛运转检测的可靠性和速动性的基础上,研究了低压系统中的新标准检测法——阶跃式注入频率反馈法;从电压、频率输出耐量及输出恢复动作等方面,讨论了日本对太阳能、蓄能电池等设备故障穿越功能的系统要求;按照分布式电源侧、配电系统侧及需求侧3种对策实施方,分析了日本在无功功率控制等技术方面做出的工作;介绍了灵活使用风机频率稳定功能,增加系统接纳新能源能力的方法。最后展望了微电网、大电网联通、储能电池等发展策略,并提出了对我国电网发展的借鉴与参考。

With the rapid development of distributed renewable energy in Japan,associated problems have emerged.This article reviews Japan’s countermeasures for system protection,frequency,and voltage stability control.Based on the discussion of reliability and speediness of the island operation detection method,the new standard detection method in Japan’s low-voltage system,step-injection frequency feedback method is introduced;From the aspects of voltage output tolerance,frequency output tolerance,and output recovery actions,Japan’s system requirements for FRT function of solar energy and energy storage are discussed;and then according to the three countermeasure implementers including distributed power supply side,power distribution system side,and demand side,the work on reactive power control and other technical aspects is analyzed.The method of flexible use of frequency stability function to reduce system pressures for adopting new energy sources is surveyed.Finally,this paper introduces the development strategies of micro grid,large-scale power interconnection,and energy storage battery,as well as their reference for the development of China’s power grid.