政治参与影响健康吗?--来自集体与个体层面的双重验证

Does Political Participation Affect Health?——Double Verification from Collective and Individual Level

政治参与对健康的作用关系在以往的研究中往往被忽视了。论文利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS2010)数据,分别从集体和个体层面考察了二者的关系及其作用机制。研究发现:集体层面上,体制内的政治参与(如基层选举、社区参与)对社区人口健康没有统计上的显著影响;而体制外的政治参与(如维权抗争)对社区人口的心理健康具有显著的负向作用,但这种负效应会因社区公共品供给增加的补偿机制而相应地减弱。个体层面上,体制内政治参与(如社区参与)有利于居民的自评健康,体制外政治参与(如维权抗争)则不利于居民的心理健康,二者均通过"自我效能感"发挥中介作用。论文验证了政治参与的"心理赋权"作用,其"工具性"作用也得到了部分验证。在社会转型期,为了提高居民健康水平,应引导更多有实质性意义的体制内政治参与,减少体制外政治参与。

T he relationship betw een political participation and citizen healtli was overlooked in previous research.T aking existing data from CGSS 2010,this study uncovered the relationships and functional m echanism s betw een political participation and citizen health at the collective and individual levels.A t the collective level,participation in grass-roots elections and community engagem ent had no influence on the population’s health.N ev erth eless,political engagem ent that took place outside the system,like struggling for rights,had significantly negative effects on the mental health of the population.T his effect may be weakened,how ever,by proliferated public goods.At the individual level,things were a bit different.Political involvem ent inside the system was correlated with better self-rated health.Engagement outside the system had the opposite effect on mental health.This article verified the psychological empowerment and the partial instrumental effects of political participation on citizens’health.Therefore,during this period of social transition,more meaningful political involvement wit!iin the system should be prom oted to enhance the physical and mental health of Chinese citizens.