不同抗生素对高粱蚜生长发育的影响

Effect of different antibiotics on the growth and development of sorghum aphid Melanaphis sacchari

为了明确不同抗生素对高粱蚜(Melanaphis sacchari)生长发育的影响,本研究选择了10种抗生素(盐酸土霉素、利福平、四环素、硫酸卡那霉素、阿莫西林、阿奇霉素、罗红霉素、庆大霉素、头孢霉素、盐酸林可霉素)采用浸根法处理高粱苗,然后将高粱蚜接至不同抗生素处理后的高粱叶片上进行生命表实验,记录高粱蚜的发育历期、产蚜量、生殖期、生殖力,并计算高粱蚜的各项生命参数。结果表明,经过盐酸土霉素、利福平、四环素、罗红霉素处理过的叶片上的高粱蚜的若蚜期与对照相比显著延长(P<0.05);经过硫酸卡那霉素、阿莫西林、阿奇霉素、庆大霉素、头孢霉素处理过的叶片上的高粱蚜的若蚜期显著短于对照(P<0.05);经盐酸土霉素、利福平、四环素、庆大霉素处理的叶片上的高粱蚜的生殖力显著低于对照(P<0.05)。盐酸土霉素、利福平、四环素处理高粱植株后,高粱蚜的内禀增长率显著低于对照(P<0.05)。以上结果说明盐酸土霉素、利福平、四环素的作用延长了高粱蚜的若蚜期,缩短了生殖期,降低了高粱蚜的生殖力,且高粱蚜内禀增长率和净增殖率也显著降低,因此盐酸土霉素、利福平、四环素能够抑制高粱蚜的生长发育。

In order to determine the influence of different antibiotics(Oxytetracycline HCl,Rifampicin,Tetracycline,Kanamycin sulfate,Amoxicillin,Azithromycin,Roxithromycin,Gentamicin,Cephalosporin,and Lincomycin hydrochloride)on the growth and development of sorghum aphids,the life table of sorghum aphids thriving on the sorghum leaves treated with antibiotics was counted.The parameters were set,and the developmental time,reproductive period,and fertility were assessed.After the sorghum was treated with oxytetracycline HCl,Rifampicin,and Tetracycline,Roxithromycin,the immature instars of sorghum aphid were significantly longer compared to sorghum aphids grown on control plants.However,for the sorghum that were treated with Kanamycin sulfate,Amoxicillin,Azithromycin,Gentamicin,and Cephalosporin,the immature instars of sorghum aphid were significantly shorter compared to sorghum aphids grown on control plants and those tested with the other antibiotics.The fertility of sorghum aphid after being treated with oxytetracycline HCl,Rifampicin,Tetracycline,Roxithromycin,and Gentamicin significantly decreased compared to sorghum aphids grown on control plants.When the sorghum was treated by oxytetracycline HCl,Rifampicin,and Tetracycline,the intrinsic rate of increase of the sorghum aphids was significantly lower than sorghum aphids grown on control plants.The result indicated that after the sorghum leaf was treated with oxytetracycline HCl,Rifampicin,and Tetracycline,the developmental time of the sorghum aphid was longer,and the rate of the reproductive period was shortened;the fertility,intrinsic rate of increase,and net reproductive rate were decreased.Therefore,it can be inferred that oxytetracycline HCl,Rifampicin,and Tetracycline inhibit the growth and development of sorghum.