基于FLOW-3D的竖缝式鱼道水力特性研究

Study on hydraulic characteristics of vertical-slot fishways based on FLOW3D

为了研究竖缝式鱼道的水力特性,本文基于FLOW-3D中的RNG k-ε湍流模型和tru VOF方法,以广西老口鱼道为工程背景,对其水力特性进行数值模拟研究,分析了设计水位下,竖缝式鱼道不同高层处池室及休息池的流态分布和紊动能分布情况。结果表明:广西老口鱼道的池室及休息池主流区明确,回流区流速值基本在0.5 m/s以下,适合鱼类休息;竖缝断面处总体流速较小,最大值仅为1.31 m/s,大部分过鱼对象能通过竖缝顺利完成上溯;池室及休息池的紊动能较小,分别在0.109 J/kg和0.077 J/kg以下;池室单位水体消能率为34.7 W/m^3,消能效果良好。广西老口鱼道基本能满足过鱼对象上溯的需要。

A numerical simulation is carried out to study the hydraulic characteristics of vertical-slot fishways.The simulation is based on the RNG k-εturbulence model and the truVOF method in FLOW 3D software,and is applied to the Laokou fishway in Guangxi.The flow pattern,the distribution of turbulence kinetic energy of the pool and the rest room at different elevation under the design water level are studyied.The results show that the mainstream of the pool and the rest room is clear and that the current velocity of recirculating area is basically below 0.5 m/s,which is suitable for fish to rest;the current velocity of the slot was small on a whole,with a maximum value of 1.31 m/s,so that most of target fishes can swim through the slot successfully;the turbulent kinetic energy of the pool and the rest pool are relatively low,which are less than 0.109 J/kg and 0.077 J/kg respectively;the volumetric energy dissipation is 34.7 W/m^3,which indicates a good energy dissipation effect.The Laokou fishway can meet the demand of fish migration.