交叉口车辆跟驰换道模型构建及仿真

Model and Simulation of Car-Following and Lane-Changing at Intersections

为了提高城市交叉口的通行能力、保障交通安全、研究车辆行驶规律,提出了一种新的与跟驰结合的换道概率实时判断模型。首先,从车辆运行状态出发,将交叉口车辆行驶过程分为跟驰-换道-再跟驰3个阶段;然后,在全速差跟驰模型(Full Velocity Difference Model,简称FVD模型)的基础上,将跟驰与换道模型相结合,根据3阶段建立换道概率模型,并利用实测数据进行参数标定;最后,通过模拟仿真交叉口路段,对模型影响因素进行分析。仿真结果显示,在靠近交叉口停车线过程中,车流速度浮动会趋于平稳;当离交叉口停车线距离、车辆分布情况均相同时,相同道路环境下,前方车辆中大型车辆的比例越高,车辆换道概率越大,大型车辆比例上升20%,车辆换道概率上升3%;当前方大车比例、车辆分布情况相同时,离停车线距离增加100m,车辆换道概率增加10%。这符合实际运行中车辆运行规律,可为探究其他影响因素提供参考。

In order to improve the traffic capacity at intersection and ensure traffic safety,and also study the driving state of vehicles,a new real-time judgment model of the probability of lane-changing combined with the car-following model was proposed.Firstly,according to the state of vehicle,the driving process of vehicle was divided into three stages:car-following,lane-changing and back to car-following;secondly,based on FVD(Full Velocity Difference Model),a lane-changing probability model was established according to the three stages combined with car-following model and lane-changing model,and parameters of the new model were calibrated using actual data;finally,some influencing factors of the model were analyzed by simulating the environment of intersection.The simulation results show that the traffic velocity is more stable when the vehicles approaching the intersection stop line.In condition of the distance from the stop line to the vehicle and vehicle distribution are the same,either the road environment,the probability of lane-changing is greater when the proportion of large vehicles in front of the vehicle is higher.As the proportion of large vehicles increasing 20%,the probability of lane-changing increases 3%.In the condition that the proportion of large vehicles in front of the vehicle is same,either the vehicle distribution,the probability of lane-changing is increased by 10%as the distance from the stop line is shortened by 100 meters.It indicates that the vehicle lane-changing probability model conforms to the vehicle state in actual operation,and can provide reference for studying other influencing factors.