阿坝州藏鸡体重、体尺与屠宰性能指标的主成分分析

Principal Component Analysis of Body Weight,Body Measurement and Carcass Traits in Aba Tibetan Chicken

为了研究阿坝州藏鸡体重、体尺和屠宰性能之间的内在相关性,选取了180只32周龄的阿坝藏鸡对体重、体尺和屠宰性状等12个指标进行了测定。结果表明:阿坝藏公鸡的体重、体尺和屠宰性能各项指标均显著高于母鸡(P<0.01)。公鸡的胸宽和胸深变异系数分别为19.51%和18.53%,母鸡的胸宽和胸深变异系数分别为21.59%和19.74%,表明阿坝藏鸡体尺仍具有较大选育潜力。相关分析结果表明,公鸡和母鸡体重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重和腿肌重之间均存在显著正相关(r>0.75,P<0.01)。由主成分分析结果可知,藏公鸡选择出了三个主成分,累积贡献率达78.817%,其中体重、体斜长、龙骨长、胸深和胫长对主成分贡献率较大;藏母鸡也选出了三个主成分,累积贡献率达75.268%,其中体重、体斜长、龙骨长、胫长和胫围对主成分贡献率较大,提示今后对藏鸡体型性状的选育至少应包括以上指标。

In order to study the intrinsic correlation of body weight,body size and slaughter traits in Aba Tibetan chicken,a total of 180 32-week-age Aba Tibetan chicken were selected and measured 12 indicators such as body weight,body measurement and carcass traits.The results show that all indexes of the weight,body size and slaughter performance of Aba Tibetan roosters were significantly higher than that of hens(P<0.01).The variation coefficient of breast width and depth of the cocks was 19.51%and 18.53%,respectively,and which of hens was 21.59%and 19.74%,respectively,indicating that there's still a great breeding potential for the body measurement traits of Aba Tibetan chicken.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation among traits such as body weight,carcass weight,half-eviscerated,eviscerated weight,breast muscle weight and leg muscle weight of cocks and hens(r>0.75,P<0.01).Besides,according to the results of principle component analysis,the accumulating contribution rate of Aba Tibetan rooster was 78.817%,and the body weight,body slope length,fossil bone length,breast depth and shank length contributed significantly to the principle component;The accumulating contribution rate of Aba Tibetan hen was 75.268%,and the body weight,body slope length,fossil bone length,shank length and shank circumference contributed significantly to the principle component,which suggesting that the future selection and breeding of the character of Tibetan chicken should include the above indexes.