江苏省滨海地区畜禽养殖业合理规模及其承载风险

Reasonable Scale and Carrying Capacity Risk of Livestock Breeding Industry in Jiangsu Coastal Areas

科学评估畜禽养殖合理规模和承载风险是降低畜禽养殖环境风险的基础工作。本研究通过收集江苏滨海地区13个县区市种植、养殖和土壤数据,以种养结合为依据,测算江苏滨海地区的畜禽养殖合理规模和承载风险,结果表明:(1)江苏滨海地区畜禽养殖业承载能力约为14头猪当量/hm2(以P计),这在全国处于较低的水平,合理承载规模为2170万头猪当量(以P计);如东县、灌云县和海门市三个区域畜禽承载水平较高,灌南县最低;(2)江苏滨海地区畜禽养殖业N污染风险不高,P污染风险很高;大丰区和灌南县畜禽养殖规模具有非常严重的P释放风险;赣榆区和东台市也需要加强畜禽养殖业的管控。

Assessing the reasonable size and carrying risk scientifically of livestock and poultry breeding(LPB)is the basic work to reduce its risks.In this study,a total of 13 counties in Jiangsu coastal areas were selected to calculate the reasonable scale and carrying risk of LPB by using planting,breeding and soil properties data according to the combination of planting and breeding,the results showed that:(1)The actual capacity and scale of LPB in the study area should be assigned to about 14 equivalent pigs/hm 2 and 21.7 million equivalent pigs respectively,which is at a low level throughout china.Three areas(Rudong County,Guanyun County and Haimen City)were of high capacity levels of LPB,however,that in Guannan County was the lowest;(2)LPB's N pollution risk was low in Jiangsu coastal areas,but P pollution risk was high.LPB in Dafeng District and Guannan County had very serious risk of P release.In addition,Ganyu District and Dongtai City also need to strengthen the scale of LPB.