双重网络嵌入性、学习能力与国际化速度——快速国际化情境下的实证研究

Dual Network Embeddedness,Learning Ability and Internationalization Speed: An Empirical Study under Instant Internationalization Context

中国企业国际化经营已呈现出快速国际化的新特征,这一现象难以用传统国际化理论来解释。本文将"国际化速度"纳入到企业国际化过程研究框架,探讨了双重网络嵌入性、学习能力对国际化速度的影响关系。基于长三角地区336家外向型制造企业的有效样本数据的实证研究表明,国际化经营情境下的企业网络兼具本土嵌入性与海外嵌入性的双重特征,双重网络嵌入性和学习能力对国际化速度都具有显著的正向影响,双重网络嵌入性对学习能力具有显著的正向影响,且探索性学习能力和利用性学习能力在双重网络嵌入性与国际化速度关系中都起部分中介作用。研究结果揭示了双重网络嵌入性与国际化速度之间的内在影响机制,拓展了企业国际化、网络嵌入性和组织学习等相关领域的理论空间,对于企业积极稳妥地实施国际化战略具有启示意义。

Since the 21st century,the internationalization of Chinese enterprises presents a new feature of rapid internationalization.However,the traditional internationalization theory has been unable to explain the intrinsic role of network embeddedness on internationalization speed.Based on effective sample survey data of 336 export-oriented manufacturing enterprises in the Yangtze River Delta region in China,this study incorporates“internationalization speed”into the research framework of the enterprises internationalization process,and then empirically examines effects of dual network embeddedness and learning ability on internationalization speed and analyzes the mediating role of learning ability in the relationship between dual network embeddedness and internationalization speed.Thisresults indicate that both dual network embeddedness and learning ability have significantly positive effects on internationalization speed,dual network embeddedness has significantly positive effect on learning ability,and learning ability play an intermediary role in the relationship between dual network embeddedness and internationalization speed.The findings in this paper have implications for theory.Firstly,most of the internationalization theories ignore the speed variable of the internationalization process,and most of the research focuses on enterprises in advanced economies.Therefore,it is difficult to explain the rapid internationalization of Chinese enterprises.This study regards the whole process of enterprise internationalization as including initial entry speed and post-entry speed,which helps improve the interpretation of rapid internationalization phenomenon of Chinese enterprises.Secondly,the existing research focuses on the influence of domestic or overseas network embeddedness on internationalization speed,and the integration of integrated dual network embeddedness perspectives is relatively lacking.This study found that both domestic network embeddedness and overseas network embeddedness have the significant positive effect on internationalization speed,and that overseas networks embeddedness has a stronger influence on internationalization speed,and this study is an active expansion and deepening of existing research.Finally,existing researches pay more attention to the direct effect of network embeddedness on internationalization speed,and ignore other variables that may be related to the relationship between network embeddedness and internationalization speed.In addition,this study also finds that both exploratory learning ability and usability learning ability play an important media role in the process of local enterprises actively embedding overseas networks,and exploratory learning ability and usability learning ability have more direct influence on internationalization speed.The result provides a new perspective for uncovering the internal influence mechanism between network embeddedness and internationalization speed.The findings in this paper have implications for practice.Firstly,the premise that rapid internationalization creates the“forerunner advantage”for Chinese enterprises is that enterprises must have sufficient capabilities to make up for the operational risks that“time compression diseconomies”may bring.Therefore,the internationalization expansion of Chinese enterprises should adopt a cautious attitude to control the speed and pace of internationalization,and implement an active and sound internationalization strategy.Secondly,Chinese enterprises should first commit themselves to the construction of a local cooperation network.Based on this,they should pay more attention to the construction of overseas network relations in order to fully access and use international network resources.Thirdly,Chinese enterprises should pay attention to the transmission of learning ability between dual network embeddedness and internationalization speed,should adopt an active and initiative attitude to establish an effective learning mechanism and cultivate exploratory learning ability.