论民间傩仪的传承和适变——以南京高淳“跳五猖”为例

Inheritance and Adaptation of Folk Nuo Rituals—— A Case Study of "Wuchang Dance" in Gaochun, Nanjing

"跳五猖"是一种广泛流行于长江流域的民间祭祀活动形式。系统考察和对比"跳五猖"与古代傩仪的核心要素,如时间、空间、结构以及装饰等,认为民间傩舞最初是官傩在民间的简化形态。在以后漫长的历史演变过程中,民间傩仪逐渐从外在形态和内在意涵两方面与官方傩仪发生分离,但早期官傩的部分形态和意涵仍以某种方式保存于民间傩仪中。民间傩舞在仪式要素上保持了对早期官傩的继承性,同时,也发生了历时性变化。

"Wuchang dance"is a popular folk ritual form of Yangtze river area.This paper systematically studies and compares"Wuchang dance"with the core elements of the ancient Nuo ritual such as time,space,structure and decoration,etc.,and concludes that folk Nuo dance was originally simplified official Nuo,and separated gradually from official Nuo in two aspects of external morphology and internal implications after long-range evolution.A certain part of the form and the meaning of early official Nuo stored in folk in some way,which shows the folk Nuo dance maintained the inheritance of the early official Nuo in the ritual elements,and also had a diachronic adaptation.