从分散研制到集中攻关——铀浓缩乙种分离膜研制组织工作初探

From Decentralization to Centralization: A Preliminary Study on the Organizational Work in the Research of B-type Metal Ultrafiltration Membrane Used for Enriching Uranium

铀浓缩乙种分离膜是中国自主生产的第一批国产分离膜,在该元件研制过程中,组织方式经过多次变动,管理体系也较为特别。最初多家单位互不通气、分散研究。1961年末,为了尽快研制出合格的成品,各单位互相配合、联合攻关,将研究人员集中到钢铁研究院粉末冶金室。各级党组发挥组织领导作用,形成了冶金工业部党组、钢铁研究总院党组、粉末冶金室党组三级组织管理体系;同时,随着科研任务的步步推动,研究室逐渐发展了"核心小组"负责制。这一组织方式和管理制度,对乙种分离膜研制成功起到了重要作用。

The B-type metal ultrafiltration membrane was the earliest production which was used for the gaseous diffusion process in Chinese nuclear industry many years ago.During the development of this component,the management organization of the project has undergone several changes.Initially,many institutes were separated from each other.At the end of 1961,in order to develop qualified products as soon as possible,all institutes cooperated with each other and jointly tackled the problems,and the researchers were concentrated in the Powder Metallurgy Laboratory which belongs to the Iron and Steel Research Institute(‘ISRI’).All levels of the communist of China party group played a leadership role,and formed the organization management system which led by Party Group of China’s Communist Metallurgical Industry,the Party Group of China’s Communist ISRI and the Party Group of China’s Communist Powder Metallurgy Laboratory.At the same time,with the promotion of scientific research task,researchers have gradually developed the“core group”responsibility system in the lab.This organization method and management system play important roles in the successful development of the B-type metal ultrafiltration membrane.