高血压超重人群肠道菌群的研究

Study of gut microbiota in over-weighted and obese hypertensive patients

目的探讨高血压超重/肥胖患者肠道菌群的变化及功能的改变。方法收集年龄段在45~60岁的健康人68例(血压正常组),高血压患者73例(高血压组)。再根据身高体质量指数值,进一步将高血压组分为高血压体质量正常组和高血压超重/肥胖组,采用宏基因组测序技术检测各组样本肠道菌群的种类及功能。结果高血压组的阴沟肠杆菌属细菌的丰度相对于正常血压组显著降低(P=0.018),而副杆菌属细菌的丰度在高血压组中略有增多(P=0.042)。在高血压人群中观察到克雷伯菌属细菌、固氮螺菌属细菌、阿克曼属细菌和小杆菌属细菌在高血压超重/肥胖组的丰度相对于高血压体质量正常组显著升高,P值分别为0.015、0.046、0.022和0.004;而高血压超重/肥胖组中副杆菌属细菌的丰度比高血压体质量正常组显著降低(P=0.046)。此外,与高血压体质量正常组相比,与序列特异性的DNA结合功能、转录调节功能相关的菌群丰度在高血压超重/肥胖组中显著增加(q<0.05)。结论高血压超重/肥胖患者肠道菌群的种类及功能均有改变,提示我们可以通过有效的干预措施改变微生物菌群组成,从而影响其体质量和血压。

Objective To investigate the changes of composition and functional patterns of gut microbiota in over-weighted and obese hypertensive patients.Methods Seventy-three hypertensive patients and 68 healthy controls aged 45-60 years were enrolled in this study.They were divided into healthy group and hypertension group according to blood pressure value.Furthermore,subgroups of normal body weight and overweight/obesity were further sorted in hypertension group based on the values of BMI.Metagenomic sequencing analysis was applied to detect the composition and function of gut microbiota in collected samples of each group.Results Enterobacter cloacae abundance was significantly decreased in the hypertension group compared with normal BP group(P=0.018),however,parabacteroides abundance was slightly higher in the hypertension group(P=0.042).Among hypertensive patients,the abundance of Klebsiella,Azospirillum,Akkermansia and Dialister in the overweight/obesity subgroup was significantly higher than that in normal body weight subgroup(P=0.015,0.046,0.022,0.004 respectively),while parabacteroides abundance was significantly lower in the overweight/obesity subgroup(P=0.046).Compared with normal body weight subgroup,the abundance of microbiota associated with the functions of sequence-specific DNA binding and transcriptional regulation was significantly increased in the overweight/obesity subgroup of hypertensive patients(q<0.05).Conclusions Changes of composition and functional patterns of gut microbiota in over-weighted/obese hypertensive patients indicate a possibility of early effective intervention on body weight and blood pressure through altering the composition of gun microbiota.