贵州茶叶生产比较优势分析

Analysis of the Comparative Advantages of Tea Production in Guizhou

近年来,贵州省高度重视茶叶产业发展,茶园面积持续扩大,茶叶产量持续增加,茶叶生产得到了迅猛发展,比较优势不断增强。文章基于贵州省近22年茶园面积、茶叶产量数据,采用规模比较优势指数(SCA)、效率比较优势指数(ECA)、综合比较优势指数(RCA)等方法对贵州省茶叶生产比较优势进行分析得出:贵州茶叶生产规模比较优势明显,但存在茶叶单产低,茶园规模与生产效率未成正比,综合比较优势尚有提升空间等问题。基于结论,提出控制茶园规模增长速度,转变投入重点;发挥政府职能,因地制宜实施精准管理和扶持;稳固生产规模优势地位,促进向产业化经营方向发展;发挥综合比较优势,提高茶叶生产效率;加强茶园建设管护,提高生产和加工技术水平等对策。

In recent years,Guizhou has attached great importance to tea production,and resultantly the size of tea farms continues to grow.The tea output continues to rise,and the comparative advantage of tea production becomes ever stronger.Based on the sizes of tea farms and the statistics of tea production in the past 22 years in Guizhou,this article adopts methods,such as the comparative advantage index,the efficiency comparative advantage index,and the comprehensive comparative advantage index,to analyze the comparative advantages of tea production in Guizhou Province.It gets the following findings:Guizhou has a noticeable advantage in terms of tea production scale but has such disadvantages as unit production volume is low,a disproportion between the tea farm size and the production efficiency,and growth space for the comprehensive comparative advantage.According to these findings,the article proposes the following solutions:controlling the growth of the tea farm size and change the focal point of inputs;playing governmental functions and practicing precise management;cementing the production size advantage and enhancing industrialization-oriented development;playing the comprehensive comparative advantage and boosting the tea production efficiency;and enhancing tea farm construction and maintenance,and raising the technical levels of production and processing,etc..