德国综合性大学最后一座堡垒的摧毁——应用科技大学博士学位授予权争论

The Destruction of the Last Bastion of the German Universities——The Controversy over the Right of the Doctoral Degree of the Universities of Applied Science

德国综合性大学和应用科技大学(Fachhochschule)是两种分工明确的不同类型高校,前者旨在培养学术型人才,后者旨在培养应用型人才。随着博洛尼亚进程的推动,原本分工明确的两种高校类型间的界限越来越模糊,但博士学位授予权仍是综合性大学与部分学院的特权,因此,许多人将其认为是综合性大学的"最后一座堡垒"。2013年年底,德国石荷州提出拟赋予该州应用科技大学博士学位授予权,此消息一出,引起诸多争议。预分析争议背景和相关争论点,探讨是否需赋予博士授予权,针对争议提出几点建议。

The German universities and the Universities of Applied Sciences(Fachhochschule)are two distinct types of colleges,the former aiming to cultivate academic talents,while the latter aiming to develop applied talents.With the promotion of the Bologna process,the boundaries between the two types of colleges are becoming more and more blurred.But the right to grant a doctoral degree is still the privileges of the universities and some colleges,and many people regard it as the"last bastion"of the universities.Unexpectedly,at the end of 2013,the German federal state Schleswig-Holstein proposed to grant the Universities of Applied Science the doctoral degree,which has caused a lot of controversies.This paper tries to analyze the background of the dispute and the related arguments,and discuss whether the right to grant the doctor should be given,and make a few suggestions for the controversy.