欧盟知识产权海关保护制度的新发展及其启示

New Development of EU Customs Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights(IPR) and Its Implications

作为欧盟知识产权海关保护适用的程序法,欧盟《知识产权海关执法条例》旨在增强欧盟打击假冒和盗版产品的边境措施,为知识产权在欧盟边境得到有效和一体化保障提供法律指引。新条例不仅简化了涉嫌侵犯知识产权货物的销毁程序,而且引入小规模托运假冒货物的特别销毁程序。程序法是保障,实体法是内核。欧盟知识产权海关保护实体法适用不仅包括规范海关当事人权责的《欧共体海关法典》,也包括海关据以判断存在侵犯知识产权情形的法律依据——欧盟知识产权实体法和国际知识产权公约。欧盟知识产权海关保护的法律适用探讨和中欧知识产权海关保护制度的比较分析,为我国涉欧贸易企业和知识产权权利人提供了有益参考。

As procedural law applied by EU Customs to enforce intellectual property rights,EU regulation concerning enforcement of intellectual property rights,which entered into force on January 1st,2014,aims to strengthen boarder measures to fight against counterfeit and pirated goods and to provide legal guide for intellectual property rights being effectively protected with integration on EU boarder.The new regulation not only simplifies the procedures for the destruction of goods alleged infringing intellectual property rights,but also introduces special procedure for the destruction of small consignments of counterfeit goods.Procedural law is the safeguard,while substantive law is the kernel.The substantive laws include the Union Customs Code,EU Substantive Laws on Intellectual Property Rights and the International Conventions on Intellectual Property Rights.The legal application of EU customs enforcement of intellectual property rights and comparison between EU and Chinese customs enforcement of intellectual property rights,can provide some valuable enlightenments for Chinese enterprises to engage in trade with EU and intellectual property rights holders.