“谋食”与“谋道”——人文经济学视野下的《儒林外史》

“Earning a Living” and “Seeking Morality and Justice”:A study on The Scholars from the Perspective of Humanistic Economics

在人文经济学的视野下考察《儒林外史》,"谋食"与"谋道"构成了两个互相依存的角度。是否有能力以正当的方式"谋食",这是《儒林外史》区别"贤人"、准"贤人"或缺少尊严者的尺度之一;而对那些有能力以正当方式"谋食"的读书人,《儒林外史》则以是否有志于"谋道"作为臧否的基本依据。《儒林外史》就"谋食"与"谋道"展开的描写和思考,较之孔子和朱熹的见解,包含了更多近代意味。在"谋食"与"谋道"两种视角之下,可以更充分地观察到《儒林外史》的深湛之处。

From the perspective of humanities economics,“earning a living”and“seeking morality and justice”constitute two interdependent perspectives for The Scholars.One of the standardsin The Scholars to identifywho are the“sage”,“sage-to-be”or those who are lacking in dignity is to see whether they have the ability to earn a living in a proper way.For those scholars who have the ability to“earn a living”in a proper way,The Scholars will analyze them critically based on whether there is a desire to“seek morality and justice.”The description and reflection of the“earning a living”and“seeking morality and justice”in The Scholars contain more modern meanings than those of Confucius and Zhu Xi.From the two perspectives of“earning a living”and“seeking morality and justice”,we can fully observe the profundity of The Scholars.