我国政府补贴促进了企业实质性创新吗?——基于中国企业——劳动力匹配调查的实证分析

Do Government Subsidies Promote Enterprises' Substantial Innovation?

政府对企业的补贴作为缓解市场失灵与外部性的手段,期望能实现市场有效竞争并达到预期的创新绩效。本文研究的问题是,我国政府对企业的补贴是否促进了企业实质性创新,并运用一手的中国企业—劳动力匹配调查数据,对不同维度的创新绩效进行了评估。研究发现,我国政府近年来对企业的大规模补贴,总体上对企业创新存在一定程度的激励作用,但其存在异质性差异,国有企业、大型企业、市场化程度较低区域的企业在实质性创新中显得较为不足。因此,本文提出政府应当调整补贴对象,不断完善政府补贴的公平机制和市场化机制,为促进企业创新创造条件。

Government subsidies to enterprises are used as a means to alleviate market failures and externalities,and it is expected to achieve effective competition in the market and achieve the expected innovation performances.The question in this paper is whether the government’s subsidies promote the innovation of enterprises.And the paper uses the first-hand data from China Employer-Employee Survey(CEES)to evaluate the performances of different dimensions of subsidies innovation.The study has found that the large-scale subsidies of enterprises in China in recent years have certain incentive effect on enterprise innovation,but there are heterogeneity differences.The innovation in state-owned enterprises,large enterprises,and enterprises with lower degree of marketization is not enough.Therefore,this paper proposes that the government should adjust the subsidy targets,constantly improve the marketization mechanism of government subsidies,and create conditions for promoting enterprise innovation.