现代汉语“多/少/早/晩/快/慢”、数量成分、动词的组合情况考察--以状中结构与述补结构为中心

A study on the combination of“duo(多)/shao(少)/zao(早)/wan(晚)/kuai(快)/man(慢)”,quantificational expressions and verbs in Mandarin——Focusing on modifier-verb constructions and verb-complement constructions

本文考察由单音节形容词"多/少/早/晩/快/慢"(简称为"形")、数量成分(简称为"量")以及动词(简称为"动")三者所构成的三种结构,即"形+动+量""形+量+动"及"动+形+量"结构。本文通过描写这三种结构的句法、语义、语用特点以及它们之间的转换关系,考察它们之间的联系与区别。

This study analyzes the patterns and rules of combining adjectives“duo/shao/zao/wan/kuai/man”(hereinafter referred to as“形”),verbs(hereinafter referred to as“动”)and quantificational expressions(hereinafter referred to as“量”).In modern Mandarin Chinese,“形”,“动”and“量”can form three types of constructions:“形+动+量”,“形+量+动”and“动+形+量”.Depending on the features of“形”,“动”and“量”,there can be various circumstances such as all three types of constructions can be established,only two types can be established,only one type can be established,all three types of constructions cannot be established.This study discusses what kind of“形”,“动”and“量”correspond to as well as the causes of the various combination patterns.I also explore the semantic,pragmatic and syntactic properties of“形+动+量”,“形+量+动”and“动+形+量”as well as the mutual conversion relationship of these three types of constructions.