聚焦关键能力培育,创新核心素养考查——2018年高考全国卷化学试题评析及教学启示

Focusing on the Cultivation of Key Capabilities and Innovating the Examination of Key Competence——Analysis and Teaching Enlightenment of the Chemistry Test Questions(National Volume)in the 2018 College Entrance Examination

2018年高考化学试题具有三大特点:凸显立德树人,助推核心价值落地;注重引导教学,助益知识融会贯通;强化关键能力考查,助力人才选拔。基于此,中学化学教学应从以下三个方面着力:精选情境素材,融合学科思想培育核心价值;关注知识间的联系,设计情境达成知识的结构关联;设计结构不良问题和开放性问题,培养学生独立思考能力。

The chemistry test in the 2018 college entrance examination has three major characteristics:highlighting the cultivation of morality and talents,highlighting the core values;focusing on guiding teaching,helping knowledge integration;strengthening key capabilities examinations and helping talent selection.Based on this,chemistry teaching in middle schools should focus on the following three aspects:select situational materials,and integrate subject ideas to cultivate core values;pay attention to the relation between knowledge,and design the situation to achieve the structural relation of knowledge;design structural problems and open questions to cultivate students’independent thinking ability.