南海问题中的国际话语逻辑——基于对美国智库文献的分析

International Discursive Logic on the South China Sea Disputes: An Analysis of Recent Literature from American Think Tanks

南海问题之所以在2012年以后曾引发中国周边形势的持续紧张,很大程度上归因于美国的强力干预,特别是其利用国际话语权优势改变了国际舆论环境,给南海问题的和平解决带来了诸多障碍和变数。美国智库作为美国国际话语权的关键因素,对美国主导南海问题相关国际话语权发挥了重大作用。本文收集了2012年以来美国智库发表的关于南海问题的文献,从总体上概括了这些文献的基本特征,分析了它们在南海问题上运用的各种话语方式,并从它们共同塑造的总体叙事中归纳出美国国际话语在南海问题上的线索链。在对美国智库有关南海问题的文献分析的基础上,进一步探析和揭示南海问题中体现出的国际话语的基本逻辑。最后,结合对美国国际话语权的分析,尝试在南海问题上为中国应对国际话语挑战提出对策建议,并从国际话语风险管理、国际话语运作能力、国际话语议程和价值理念等角度,为中国消除国际话语威胁、稳步提升国际话语权提供参考意见。

U.S.interference has been one of the major factors fueling the tensions over territorial disputes in the South China Sea.Taking advantage of its discursive power superiority,Washington has created new uncertainties and barriers for the peaceful settlement of South China Sea disputes.American think tanks,as an important contributor to U.S.discursive hegemony,play a significant role in shaping international discourse with regard to South China Sea disputes.The article analyzes the categories and content of the body of literature from American think tanks on the disputes in the South China Sea since 2012.It also summarizes the lines of argument in the literature and examines their narrative patterns.The article concludes with a few policy recommendations on how Beijing should respond to and refute Washington’s narrative.