从《左传》看春秋人殉制度的演变

Look at the evolution of the human sacrifice in the Spring and Autumn period from the Zuo Zhuan

人殉是古代社会特有的丧葬文化,其产生和原始人民的鬼神信仰观、社会生产力、私有制的发展密切相关。《左传》中有不少关于人殉的记录,透视《左传》,探寻文本中"人殉"特点,不难发现春秋时期传统的用人殉葬已然受到人民的批判,殉葬习俗正逐步衰落,人殉成为社会问题,人的价值和人主体性的觉醒越发明显,在此基础上,诞生了个人与社会的新关系。

Human sacrifice is a unique funeral culture in ancient society,which is closely related to the primitive people's belief in ghosts and gods,social productive forces and the development of private ownership.In the Zuo Zhuan,there are a lot of records about human sacrifice,through the perspective of Zuo Zhuan and the characteristics of man martyrdom in the text.It is not difficult to find that in the spring and Autumn period,the traditional human sacrifice has been criticized by the people,and the custom of martyrdom is gradually declining.In the spring and Autumn period reflected by Zuo Zhuan,human sacrifice as a social problem,the value of human beings was clearly pointed out,and the awakening of human subjectivity was more obvious.On this basis,the new relationship between the individual and the society was born.