乾隆御制碑病害的现场检测与评估

In-situ nondestructive and small-sample invasive testing for evaluation of diseases and state of preservation of the Qianlong imperial monument

为了研究首都博物馆乾隆御制碑病害及保存状况,采用数码相机、非金属超声波检测仪、胶带结合力测试条、便携式色差计、便携式视频显微镜等多种无损或微损检测手段,对石碑风化程度、碑体表面裂隙发育情况、石碑表面污染与变色等进行了现场、无损/微损检测与评估。检测结果表明,乾隆御制碑存在的主要表层病害为污染与变色,石碑表面部分位置轻微结壳、结垢、溶蚀与裂隙发育,石碑整体风化不严重,保存状况较好。检测结果可为后续保护提供依据。

In order to study the diseases and preservation state of the Qianlong imperial monument located in the Beijing Capital Museum,we evaluated the degree of its weathering,the development of surface fissures,and its surface contamination and discoloration using a variety of nondestructive and small-sample invasive techniques such as digital photography,nonmetal ultrasonic detection,tape bonding force testing,as well as the use of a portable chromometer and a portable video microscope.The results show that surface pollution and discoloration are the main diseases of the Qianlong imperial monument.Slight crusting,scaling,erosion and fissure development also exist on some parts of the monument,but overall the degree of weathering is not severe.So far,the Qianlong imperial monument is in a fairly good state of preservation.This study could provide a reference for subsequent protection measures.