骨髓间充质干细胞治疗脊髓损伤的热点及方向

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury: research hotspots and directions

背景:骨髓间充质干细胞作为一种具有多向分化能力的成体多能干细胞,已在多项脊髓损伤相关研究中被证实有效,逐渐成为国内外基础及应用研究的热点,而且利用多种诱导方式使骨髓间充质干细胞分化为神经元样细胞的相关研究也逐渐被广泛报道,这为骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤带来了新的契机和希望。目的:综述骨髓间充质干细胞用于治疗脊髓损伤的研究进展。方法:在PubMed数据库、中国知网数据库检索2000年1月至2017年12月相关文章,英文检索词"bone mesenchymal stem cells,spinal cord injury,transplantation";中文检索词"骨髓间充质干细胞,脊髓损伤,移植",共计42篇文献纳入研究。结果与结论:经过系统的对比分析,发现骨髓间充质干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的现有研究仍然存在移植途径、移植密度、移植时间、治疗效率和安全性等问题。如果相关研究在以上4个方面得到突破性进展,将为脊髓损伤后的神经修复带来希望。

BACKGROUND:As adult stem cells with multiple differentiation ability,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)have been proved to be effective in several studies on spinal cord injury,so it has gradually become a research hotspot in basic and clinical research.In addition,the technique of inducing the differentiation of BMSCs into neuron-like cells in various ways has been widely reported,which brings a new hope for the treatment of spinal cord injury by BMSCs transplantation.OBJECTIVE:To review the latest research of BMSCs concerning spinal cord injury treatment.METHODS:The relevant literatures published from January 2000 to December 2017 were retrieved in PubMed and CNKI.The keywords were“bone mesenchymal stem cells,spinal cord injury,transplantation”in English and Chinese,respectively.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,42 eligible articles were further analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Through the systematic comparative analysis,some problems concerning transplantation approaches,transplantation density,transplantation time,treatment efficiency and safety are encountered in the existing research regarding BMSCs transplantation for spinal cord injury.If relevant research has made breakthroughs in the above four aspects,it will bring new hope for nerve repair after spinal cord injury.