钴基高温合金增材制造研究现状及展望

Research Status and Prospect of Cobalt Based Superalloy Additive Manufacturing

钴基高温合金是一种在高温下具有高强度、良好的耐热、耐磨和耐腐蚀性能的材料,被广泛用于航空航天等领域。钴基高温合金增材制造技术具有材料利用率高、制造周期短和能够制造较为复杂零件等优点,相对于传统制造技术有巨大的优势,受到了社会的广泛关注。对钴基高温合金的合金化原理进行了阐述,总结了国内外钴基高温合金增材制造所使用的不同工艺方法,重点对钴基激光增材制造技术、钴基电子束激光增材制造技术进行了分析,综述了各种方法的研究现状和最新成果。评价了钴基高温合金增材制造技术在材料利用率、内部缺陷、成形精度、相关标准化方面的不足,并对钴基高温合金增材制造技术发展方向提出了预测。

Cobalt based superalloy is featured with high strength,good heat resistance,wear resistance and corrosion resistance at high temperature,and is widely used in aerospace field and other fields.The additive manufacturing technology of cobalt based superalloy has great advantages over traditional manufacturing technology,such as high-usage of material,short manufacturing cycle and ability of manufacturing complex parts.It has received extensive attention.The alloying principle of cobalt based superalloy was expounded in this paper.Different process methods used in the additive manufacturing of cobalt based superalloy at home and abroad were summarized.Additive manufacturing technologies of cobalt based laser and electron beam were analyzed.Research status and the latest achievements of various methods were summarized.Shortages of cobalt based superalloy additive manufacturing were assessed from material utilization,internal defect,forming precision and related standardization.The development direction of additive manufacturing technology of the cobalt based superalloy was predicted.