基于高深度重测序的春性、半冬性和冬性甘蓝型油菜基因组遗传变异分析

Genomic variation of spring,semi-winter and winter Brassica napus by high-depth DNA re-sequencing

为研究不同生态适应型甘蓝型油菜之间的遗传变异,采用高通量测序手段对春性、冬性和半冬性甘蓝型油菜代表性品种(奥罗、Darmor-Bzh和中双11号)进行了高深度重测序。通过遗传变异比较分析,在春性和冬性、春性和半冬性、半冬性和冬性之间检测到丰富的遗传变异,包括SNP、Indel、结构变异和拷贝数变异等。在春性和冬性、半冬性和冬性、春性和半冬性甘蓝型油菜之间存在遗传变异分布的基因数目分别为43 983、44 592和44 991个。对这些基因进行GO富集分析,发现它们主要富集在基础代谢、生长发育调控和环境适应性等相关的GO类别中。针对不同生态型之间的差异特点,重点关注开花时间的调控网络,发现与植物春化途径、赤霉素途径、衰老途径等相关的重要基因FLC、VRN、GA、SPL3等同源拷贝中均存在遗传变异,推测这些基因功能可能与甘蓝型油菜不同生态适应型的形成相关。本研究在不同生态适应型品种内检测到的大量的遗传变异以及这些变异在基因中的分布为解释甘蓝型油菜不同生态适应型的形成提供了遗传基础,为后续的分子育种以及改良生态适应型提供理论指导。

For more information of genetic variation among different ecotypes,high-depth DNA re-sequencing was conducted for 3 representative cultivax of 3 ecotypes of Brassica napus:Oro(spring type),ZS11(semi-winter type)and Darmor-Bzh(winter type).Among them,a large number of genetic variations including SNP,Indel,structural variation and copy number variation were detected.By genomic distribution of these variations,43 983(spring vs winter),44 592(semi-winter vs winter)and 44 991(spring vs semi-winter)genes were found.GO enrichment analysis showed that the genes were mainly enriched in GO categories related to biological metabolism,developmental regulation and environmental adaption etc.For better understanding of ecotype formation,gene variation of FLC,VRN,GA,SPL3 were focused.They were found to be related to flowering time,and involved in plant vernalization pathway,gibberelin pathway,and aging pathway.The identified genetic variations could provide valuable data for revealing the genetic basis of the formation of different ecological adaptations of B.napus.